狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞總結
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狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞:
when, while, as, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, by the time, whenever
1、一些時(shí)間名詞:the moment, the minute, the day, every time, next time
2、 一些副詞:instantly, immediately, directly
3、 固定搭配的連詞:no soonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen
seeing that, considering that, now that, given that, in that, inasmuch as, insomuch as,for fear that, in case
to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, to such an extent that, till, until
suppose, supposing, providing, provided, on condition that, so long as, as long as,when
whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever, whetheror, while, when
狀語(yǔ)從句知識點(diǎn)
一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
連接詞
when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as (一……就), hardly…when (一……就), no sooner…than (一……就), the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly
注意:
主句表示將來(lái)意義時(shí),從句用一般現在時(shí);while引導的從句中動(dòng)詞一般是延續性的;until用在肯定句中主句動(dòng)詞是延續性的,用在否定句中主句動(dòng)詞是短暫性的。
二、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:where, wherever
三、原因狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:because, as, since, now that (既然)
注意:because語(yǔ)氣最強;since較弱,表示大家都明了的原因,as次之。
四、條件狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:if, unless(除非,如果不), once, in case (以防), as long as (只要), on condition that (條件是)
注意:從句中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來(lái)時(shí),常用一般時(shí)代替。
五、結果狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:so…that, such…that
六、目的狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:so that, in order that, for fear that (唯恐,以免)
注意:so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
七、比較狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:than, as…as, not so / as…as, the more…the more
八、方式狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:as if, as though, as
注意:as if和as though引導的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
九、讓步狀語(yǔ)
連接詞:
though, although, even if, even though, as,
no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever
注意:as在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中常用倒裝形式;although和though用正常語(yǔ)序,可與yet連用,不與but連用。
幾對需區分的狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞
1、引導時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的when,while和as。
1)When意為“當...的時(shí)候”;引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續性動(dòng)詞,也可以是短暫性動(dòng)詞。
EG1:Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?(get為短暫性動(dòng)詞)
你已經(jīng)找到如此好的工作,為何還想再找新的?
注意?嫉木湫停
、賐e about to do…when=be on the point of doing…when… 正要做…這時(shí)突然
、赽e doing…when…正在做…這時(shí)突然
、踙ad just done …when 剛做完…這時(shí)突然
2)while 意為“當....的時(shí)候”;引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續性動(dòng)詞。注意:
while還可以作并列連詞表示“但是,然而”,表示兩種情況對比;也可引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表“盡管,雖然”。
EG2:Strike while the iron is hot. (is為延續性動(dòng)詞,表示一種持續的狀態(tài))趁熱打鐵。
3)as 意為“一邊.....一邊......;當....的時(shí)候 ;隨著(zhù)”; 引導的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續性動(dòng)詞, 但側重強調主、從句動(dòng)作同點(diǎn)或同段進(jìn)行。
EG3:The students took notes as they listened. (listen為延續性動(dòng)詞)
學(xué)生們邊聽(tīng)課邊做筆記。
注意:
as還可以引導原因狀從句表“因為,由于”和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表“盡管,雖然”,具體用法見(jiàn)后。
2、引導原因狀語(yǔ)從句的because, as 和since。
1) because語(yǔ)氣最強,用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的問(wèn)題。當原因是顯而易見(jiàn)的或已為人們所知,就用as或 since。
EG4: I didn’t go, because I was ill at that time.
我沒(méi)有去,因為我那時(shí)病了。
2)由because引導的從句如果放在句末,且前面有逗號,則可以用for來(lái)代替。但如果不是說(shuō)明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用for。
EG5: He is absent today, because\for he is ill.
他今天缺席了,因為他病了。
3、引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的although, though 和 as。
這三個(gè)詞都表示“盡管,雖然”,用法的區別主要在于倒裝問(wèn)題上:
Although 不能倒裝, though可以倒裝也可以不倒裝, as必須倒裝。倒裝一般分為三種情況:
1) 表語(yǔ)提前,構成倒裝
EG6: Though/Although she is very pretty,she is not clever.
雖然她很漂亮,但是她不聰明。
→Pretty though she is,she is not clever.
2)動(dòng)詞提前,構成倒裝
EG7: Though/Although they searched,they could not find anything in the house.
雖然他們搜遍了,卻沒(méi)在房子里找到任何東西。
→Search as they did,they could not find anything in the house.
3)副詞提前,構成倒裝
EG8: Though/Although he tried hard,he couldnt pass the exam.
盡管他努力了,他還沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。
→Hard as he tried,he couldnt pass the exan.
注意事項:
1、一些詞,如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than等也可引導一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,相當于as soon as的意思。
如:
I didn’t wait a moment, but came immediately you called. 我一刻都沒(méi)等。你一打電話(huà)我就來(lái)了。
2、一些含有time的名詞短語(yǔ),如every time, each time, next time, by the time等,以及the day, the year, the morning等,也可引導一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
如:
The day he returned home, his father was already dead. 他回家的時(shí)候他父親已經(jīng)去世了。
Next time you come, please bring your composition. 下次來(lái)時(shí)請帶上你的作品。
3、whatever, whoever, whichever等-ever詞可引導名詞性從句(主要指主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句),也可引導狀語(yǔ)從句(相當于no matter what/who/which)。由于-ever使用范圍更廣,所以當選項同時(shí)出現-ever結構與no matter結構,優(yōu)先選擇-ever結構。
如:
You can pick whichever one you like. 你喜歡哪個(gè)就挑哪個(gè)。
Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize. 你們誰(shuí)先到誰(shuí)就能得獎。
Whatever happens, don’t forget to write. 無(wú)論怎樣別忘了寫(xiě)信。
Whoever you ask, the answer is always the same. 不管你問(wèn)誰(shuí),答案都一樣。
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