- hZ(y)ƴkƴ(xi)Ҏt ]ȣ
- P(gun)]
P(gun)ڝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏt
hZ(y)ƴͨԒ(hu)ƴ(xi)оwҎСP(gun)ڝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏtϣ
һĸywúʹ÷
ywڸc֮gl(f)ƴ(xi)r(sh)ֻҪ_(ki)^ iu ĸͱʹ yw ʾ_(ki)^ywҲ^ĸ磺li unf(wn)Č(xi) li wnf(wn)zh ע⣩Č(xi) zh yע⣩
ywʹЃɷN
1oĸyw
ĸiеĸҪy_(ki)^i](mi)Ԫiǰyyĸiiningyiyinying
߀Ǩ_(ki)^ڨǰһɼyͬr(sh)σc(din)ʡĸУ
an n
yuyuanyun
u_(ki)^u](mi)Ԫuǰwuwu
2oĸQyw
i ĺ߀ԪͰiQyʾ_(ki)^磺
ia ie iao iou ian iang iong
ya ye yao you yan yang yong
u Ѕ^eԪͰ u Q w磺
ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ueng
wa wo wai wei wan wen wang weng
÷
ĸ jqx cĸ _(ki)^ďĸ eĸ n ƴr(sh) ăc(din)ʡ@ jqx ܸ u ƴ jqx F u @(g)ĸr(sh)ֻ u σc(din)ȥҲ(hu )c u jӣq^x裩
ӛס ƴ(xi)ҎtÿEӛjqx ֵҊ(jin)С c(din)ȥ
ĸ nl ƴr(sh) σc(din)Ͳʡȥ nl ܺ ƴ߀ܺ u ƴ
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏt
hZ(y)ƴЎRxW(xu)ͨԒ(hu)@헹W(xu)ĺӼҪW(xu)ÝhҪW(xu)ƴĸ
ƴxҎt
ƴƴxҎtǰpBһ
ƴƴxҎtpĸBx혮
ƴxע헣ĸ{ĸ{wJxƴx
ĕ(sh)(xi)
(1)Ďׂ(g)ĸҪo(xi)þoQ(chng);
(2)(xi)һ(g)ĸ٘{̖;
(3)Ҫһ(g)ĸ(xi)һ(g)ĸҪһ(g)(xi)һ(g)
׳eĸĕ(sh)(xi)b-d p-q t-f ei-ie ui-iu
hZ(y)ƴĸ(sh)(xi)P호E:
Ȍ(xi)AQ(xi)߅
b L(chng)Q(xin)(xi)A
c һP(xi)ɶA¾o(xin)
d иȌ(xi)A߅L(chng)Q(xin)
e иЌ(xi)M(xin)ӹPٌ(xi)A
f Q(xin)̙M(xi)ڶ(xin)߅
Ȍ(xi)AQ(xin)
h L(chng)Q(xin)Q(xi)߅
i Q(xi)gһc(din)(xin)
j Q(xin)ϸЌ(xi)Ac(din)
k L(chng)Q(xin)ббҌ(xi)g
l L(chng)Q(xin)(xi)ֱźÿ
m Q(xi)gQQ(xi)߅
n Q(xi)gQ(xi)߅
o Ҍ(xi)AȦ¾o(xin)
p L(chng)Q(xin)и(xi)ҰA
q иȌ(xi)A߅L(chng)Q(xin)
r Q(xi)gһС
s 8(xi)һ°(zh)(xin)
t Qҏ(xin)̙M(xi)ڶ(xin)߅
u и(xi)QQ(xi)߅
u(xi)gc(din)(xin)
w ббό(xi)ɱ¾o(xin)
x ббg¾o(xin)
y биб(xin)
z 2ӲՏиҪM(mn)
wJx yi wu yu Ĺ£
СiС u С λСҪȥͯ@Ǜ](mi)ˎô? y ʹ w Ҋ(jin)𑪎һȥ y (zh)С i yi w (zh)С u wuʣС ](mi)ˎÃɵۜIL˳(li) y Ҋ(jin)f(shu)(li)ҎһȥðۜIɃС æۜI y (zh)ͳ yi ȥ@·d߅߅y u Ҫy w(li)y i w uס ۜIM(mn)æȥ(zh) y ~(y)
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏtw(li)
ʹÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)ͨԒ(hu)r(sh)Ҫ쾚ƴ(xi)ҎtFƴ(xi)e`ƴ(xi)ҎtҪעׂ(g)棺
һywʹ
ʹhZ(y)ƴҎĸ_(ki)^Ҫքeʹøĸyw
1iĸҪ(xi)yi£yѽye(Үyoyoun(yu)ynyinyn룩yinӢyonӺ
2uĸҪ(xi)wuwܣwoCwiᣩweiwnwenأwnweṇ
3ĸҪ(xi)yuأyuesyunԩyun(
iouueiuenʹ
@(g)ĸĸƴr(sh)ҪȥgԪĸ(xi)iuuiunniuţuiwlunՓ ǰĸҪywʹҎtքe(xi)youweiwenҊ(jin)iouueiuenՓČ(xi)ڌ(sh)Hƴ(xi)r(sh)FڷĸĽYr(sh)fʹiouueiuenʡ(xi)ʽ
ʹ
ĸܺjqxnl傀(g)ĸƴĸjqxԺͨƴDzuƴ˜p٨ijFlhZ(y)ƴҎjqxͨƴr(sh)ϵăc(din)Ҫʡȥ(xi)u̓Ҫ(xi)juquxu܌(xi) jqxnlȿԺuƴֿԺͨƴnlͨƴr(sh)ϵăc(din)ʡȥŮΡҪ(xi)nl܌(xi)nulu
ģ{̖λ
{̖(jin)Q(chng){̖Ҫĸĸĸֻһ(g)Ԫ{ֻ̖ܘǂ(g)Ԫbˣtᣩǰ푏ĸ{̖ǰһ(g)Ԫbibi Ϻ푏ĸ{̖ںһ(g)ԪjiңuϏĸ{̖gԪjiouiԣiuuiun iouueiuenʡ(xi)ʽiuui{̖ںһ(g)ԪunĘ̖ǰһ(g)Ԫ niţuwlnՓ
hZ(y)ƴ~
hZ(y)ƴֻҎͨԒ(hu)ƴ(xi)Ҏt](mi)Ҏ~ӵƴ(xi)Ҏt@c(din)f(shu)Dz߀Ҫ~ҎtahZ(y)ƴ~ҎÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)FhZ(y)Ҏt1996122Ҽg(sh)Ol(f)A͇Ҙ˜ʡhZ(y)ƴ~ҎtGB/T 161591996˜ҎáhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)FhZ(y)Ҏtݰ~B(xi)Z(y)ƴ(xi)(li)~ƴ(xi)ƴ(xi){ҎtmҪͬr(sh)һЩɹg(sh)̎׃ͨʽ˜mĽϢ̎T(mn)áhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)FhZ(y)ĽyһҎ
hZ(y)ƴ~ҎtҎƴ(xi)ͨԒ(hu)~(sh)(xi)λ磺rnˣpoܣpnyouѣyudxdnshǣfichndz din sh jҕC
ʾһ(g)wpYB(xi)磺ntiFhnqt죩dubuqchdexioԵ
ϱʾһ(g)wQ(chng)~Z(y)_(ki)(xi)ܰ~Z(y)ֵȫB(xi)磺wfn nuno(w)p䓹ܣZhnhu Rnmn GnhuA͇hnshzhutʮ֕(hu )
W(xu)~Ҫһ(g)^(gun)ÝhZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)~;ӵĕr(sh)һҪ~B(xi)ҪҲǰh֣(xi)ҲҪȫBһL(chng)硰(lin) Nƴ
1~B(xi)xnwn linb
2hַ(xi)xn wn lin b
3ȫB(xi)xnwnlinb
ֻеһN(xi)~Ҏ
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)Ҏt
һĸӛE
(g)6b b bĘ蝊ˮp p pɂ(g)T(mn)m m m
һչf f f°Ad d dt t t
һ(g)T(mn)n n nһСl l l9ּ^
Ck k kһh h hi¼^ j j j
(g)9 q q qһ(g)x x x(g)2 z z z
낀(g)AȦc c c낀(g)8 s s szzh zh zh
cch ch chssh sh sh
r r r,·y y y, Сw w w
ĸ6(g)ӛE
͏ ͈AAo o o ͱe e e
XR i i i ͻu uu 촵
ĸ9(g)ӛE
i i i̺ұȸ߰
ei ei eiZw
ui uiui ҴҪˮ
o o o̐(i)\
ou ou ouϿwt
iu iu iu]Ͳǰ]
ie ie ieҰZͳԘ(sh)~
e e eС~(y)TZȥL(fng)
er erer ҰZЂ(g)СС
ĸ9(g)ӛE
5(g)ǰĸ
n n n̵찲T(mn)
en en enZT(mn)ǰ
in in in³T(mn)Ц
un un unfT(mn)ǰ܇(ch)݆
n n nС~(y)ײT(mn)^l(f)
4(g)ǰĸ
n n n·^߰
en en en׳ߺߺ
in in inһ
on on onuҪx(chng)
(sh)(xi)Ҏt
ľ(xin)λQ(chng)
ľ(xin)ӛgƴĸס߅
{Ac(din)(xi)첲L(chng)סϸ
βL(chng)ס¸и
иһҪM(mn)ϸ¸һc(din)
(sh)(xi)Ҏtӛgƴ܌(xi)Ҏ
ƴxӛE
1ƴǰp̺Bһ!
b bo che܇(ch) di du lG
ci feiw uiw ho dou
niuţ qie n-Ű
mn ren qinH tun x-n
dn nen xin zhon
2ƴpĸBx혮
ji lio| xin xin xion
hu duo hui kun shunp
x--n q--nȫ
wJx16(g)ӛE
zh ch sh r z c sԳi
yi wu yuһo(w)
ye yue yuanҹA
yin yun ying[Ӱ
ƴ(xi)ҎɿE
1Сj(lu ) q x yȥc(din)߀x
2ƴnlc(din)ʡ
{E
һƽƽɽ
ɽ
{Ҏt
Șa o e ٘ i u
iuИ˺iϘ{c(din)Ĩ
p˾Ϳ(zh)
hZ(y)ƴƴ(xi)ҎtP(gun)£
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