數詞

1. dozen , score

2. in the (early/ late)nineties / in the 1990s/ in the 90’s 在九十年代

in one’s (early/ late)nineties 在某人九十多歲

3. 分數的表達法:

1/2 a half/ one half 1/4 a/ one quarter

3/4 three fourths / three quarters 3 1/4 three and on quarter

4. nine ----ninth / ninety

four---- fourth/ forty (第九四十有變化)

5. 小數的讀法

0.4 zero point four / point four 10.23 ten point two three

1.03 one point o three

1.03 meters/ 0.5 meter

6. 百分數的讀法

50% fifty percent (percent 無(wú)復數形式)

7. 加減乘除法

① 加用 plus, and , add 等于用is , make, equal, 提問(wèn)用how much,

② 減用minus , take from

③ 乘用 time , multiply

④ 除用 divide 的過(guò)去分詞表示

注意: 加,乘的謂語(yǔ)單復皆可, 而減，除的謂語(yǔ)用單數.

Eg

Two and three is equal to five=Two and three make five.= Two added to three equals five.

Take 6 from ten and the remainder is four. = Six taken from ten is four.

Multiply three by four, we get twelve.= The multiplied by four makes 12.

Sixteen divided by four is / equals/ makes four.

主謂一致

1. 一些固定不變的名詞的復數形式

如: crossroads(十字路口), barracks(兵營(yíng)) , headquarters(總部), means(方法,手段) , species(種類(lèi),品種), series(系列), works(工廠(chǎng))等. 動(dòng)詞的單復數取決于限定詞或上下文內容中作者要表達的意思.

2. 以s 結尾的學(xué)科名詞用單數謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:

economics(經(jīng)濟學(xué)), electronics(電子學(xué)), mathematics(數學(xué)), politics(政治學(xué)) 等

3. 有些表示成雙成對的詞,常用復數形式,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復數.如:eyeglasses, pants(褲子), scissors(剪刀), shoes, shorts(短褲), socks(短襪), stockings(長(cháng)統襪), trousers,等.

4. 集合名詞: 強調整體時(shí)用單數,強調集體的成員時(shí)用復數:如:army , audience(觀(guān)眾), board(委員會(huì )), committee(委員會(huì )), crew(全體隊員,船員,機組人員), crowd(人群), firm(公司), government(政府), group(組群), majority(多數人), minority(少數人), public(公眾), staff(全體工作人員), union(聯(lián)盟)等.

注意: the public 表示公共場(chǎng)所的人時(shí)謂語(yǔ)單數或復數都可以.

man(人類(lèi)), police(警察)只能做復數名詞使用,謂語(yǔ)只能用復數.

5. 表示人名,地名,國家名等專(zhuān)有名詞或不可數名詞的謂語(yǔ)一律用單數.

6. 注意一些名詞的特殊復數形式: phenomenon-phenomena(現象), goose-geese(鵝肉), mouse-mice(老鼠), 等

7. 不定代詞或every 加名詞做主語(yǔ): every, each, either, neither, one, no one, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, someone, anyone, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything,等,在句中做主語(yǔ),或做限定詞限定一個(gè)名詞或加of時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)用單數.

8. 限定詞加名詞做主語(yǔ): all, any, many, more, most, some的謂語(yǔ)取決于他們所修飾的名詞.

注意: many a / more than one 是固定搭配, 謂語(yǔ)也用單數.

9. 含有of的短語(yǔ)和介詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)

① half of, all of, any of, a lot of, most of, --- percent of , some of, five sevenths of , the rest of 等短語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)取決于of后的名詞.

②a number of 與the number of

10. 就前原則

當主語(yǔ)間由介詞with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than, not to mention, including , like, but, except等連接時(shí), 其謂語(yǔ)取決于此介詞前一個(gè)主語(yǔ).

11. 就近原則

not only---but also , either,--- or, neither---nor, or 等連接多個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)取決于離謂語(yǔ)最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ).

12. 比較: The singer and the dancer are going to attend our party.

The singer and dancer is going to attend our party.

13. 固定詞組: a knife and fork, a cup and saucer(帶茶托的茶杯), ice-cream and cake (冰淇淋蛋糕), iron and steel, 不管作復合名詞還是形容詞, 謂語(yǔ)都用單數.

14. 凡是計量時(shí)間,距離,金錢(qián),體積,尺寸等的度量衡作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 位于都用單數, 常見(jiàn)的有:

years, dollars, dozens, miles, length, width等.

15. 數學(xué)上的加減乘除的規律是: 加,乘的謂語(yǔ)單復皆可, 而減，除的謂語(yǔ)用單數.

16. 分類(lèi)詞做主語(yǔ)是: form, kind, part, piece, portion, quantity, section, sort, type 等加of形成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)取決于這些詞本身的單復數.

The newest types of computer are on show.

17. 動(dòng)名詞和不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)一律用單數.

18. 從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 主句的謂語(yǔ)用單數,擔當what, all(that),或such引導的句子作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)要取決于后面的表語(yǔ).

What they want are some books.

All that the ask for is money.

19. 定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當主語(yǔ)時(shí), 從句的謂語(yǔ)應與先行詞保持一致.

She is the only/very one of the students who has passed the examination.

She is one of--- who have ---