【命題依據】 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞等幾種形式。它是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是歷年高考題中的必考項目。單項填空題中平均每年有1-3題涉及該部分內容，�？伎键c(diǎn)主要為：動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)的用法比較；現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法比較；現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的用法比較以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在特定語(yǔ)境中的考查。該項內容能考查考生在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中理解句子結構、分析句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)的能力。

[例題1]_____ as the "first lady of speech", Dr, Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.

A. KnowingB. Having known C. Known D. To be known

【解題關(guān)鍵】解答該題的關(guān)鍵在于根據句意，準確判斷選項動(dòng)詞在句中所作成分。

【答案解析】該題考查過(guò)去分詞在句中用作原因狀語(yǔ)。根據句意及句子結構可知，句子的主語(yǔ)Dr, Lillian Glass實(shí)際上就是選項動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，相當于A(yíng)s he is known as ...引導的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，為被動(dòng)結構，故選過(guò)去分詞known。答案為C。

[例題2]-Why do you look sad?

-There are so many problems _____.

A. remaining to settle B. remained settling

C. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵在于要準確把握There be句子結構及系動(dòng)詞remain的用法。

【答案解析】remain 在There be 結構中用作后置定語(yǔ)，由于remain是不及物動(dòng)詞，故應用現在分詞remaining，相當于定語(yǔ)從句that remains；動(dòng)詞settle置于remain之后，應用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)結構來(lái)表示動(dòng)作還未完成。答案為C。

[例題3]At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, _____ up around 4 percent of national total.

A. made B. to make C. making D. having made

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要理解選項動(dòng)詞與前面分句結構關(guān)系，并準確把握其主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的意義以及動(dòng)作的一般性和完成性。

【答案解析】該句考查分詞在句中用作結果狀語(yǔ)。make up為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，在前一分句動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生，根據句意，表示主動(dòng)，故應選making用作結果狀語(yǔ)，相當于并列句and it made 或定語(yǔ)從句which made 句型結構。答案為C。

[例題4]-The English exam is not difficult, is it?

-_____. Even Tom _____ to the top students failed in it.

A. Yes; belongs B. No; belonged C. Yes; belonging D. No; belonging

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要根據上下文情景正確判斷"前否后肯"反意問(wèn)句的回答以及對句子結構的準確理解。

【答案解析】根據答句句意"甚至最好的學(xué)生湯姆考試也失敗了"可知，第一空應選Yes,(it is)意為"不，英語(yǔ)考試難"；第二空選項動(dòng)詞belong與to構成不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，在句中用作定語(yǔ)，故應選現在分詞belonging，相當于定語(yǔ)從句who belongs to ...,注意句子的主謂結構為Even Tom failed in it。答案為C。

[例題5]-We didn’t find the Blacks _____ the lecture.

-No one had told him about ____ a lecture the following day.

A. to attend; there to be B. attending; there being

C. attended;there be D. attend; there was

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵在于準確把握"感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞"的復合結構的運用以及介詞后There be結構的使用。

【答案解析】第一空動(dòng)詞attend為及物動(dòng)詞，表主動(dòng)，根據感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞find所跟復合結構，不可使用to attend，過(guò)去分詞attended表被動(dòng)，意義也不成立，可選用attending或attend，但根據句意，此處強調狀態(tài)，故attending現在分詞為最佳選項；第二空介詞about 后應使用動(dòng)名詞形式there being。答案B。

[例題6]Only____ according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.

A. taking B. taken

C. being taken D. having been taken

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵在于正確區分分詞的用法。

【答案解析】根據句意可知，選項動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)the medicine與動(dòng)詞take之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，實(shí)際上相當于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句only when it is taken...結構，故應選taken在句中用作狀語(yǔ)。答案B。

[例題7] The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____ whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing B. having seen C. to see D. to have seen

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵是準確把握連接詞as if后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選用。

【答案解析】當as if后面直接跟一個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常使用不定式to do來(lái)表示目的，相當于as if he were (was) to do sth說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的未完成性。答案為C。

[例題8]-Is there any possibility of the film____ in Paris International Festival?

-Not in the least, because audience generally think little of it.

A. trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要正確理解介詞后動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式的選用以及動(dòng)名詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。

【答案解析】選項動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)在句中用作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，應使用動(dòng)名詞形式，根據句意可知，介詞of 后的名詞the film為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)try out的邏輯主語(yǔ)，且為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應選用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)結構。答案D。

[例題9]-Hi, Mary. Would you like to go to the concert this evening?

-Sorry, Tom. ____ tomorrow’s lessons, I have no time to go out with you.

A. Not preparing B. Not having prepared

C. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared

【解題關(guān)鍵】 解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要準確區分非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的意義及用法，以及否定副詞not的位置。

【答案解析】根據句意可知，選項動(dòng)詞為原因狀語(yǔ)，表主動(dòng)，強調動(dòng)作的完成性，相當于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：As I haven’t prepared tomorrow’s lessons...故應選B(Not having prepared);選項A為現在分詞，不表示完成的意思；選項C為不定式的否定結構表目的；選項D為被動(dòng)結構，not應置于分詞being前面，均不符句意。答案B。

[例題10]Every student&n